Journal of Animal Research and Nutrition

Blood samples were taken immediately prior to feeding (0 h) and 8 h after feeding. The colostrum and serum metabolome were first analyzed using reverse-phase chromatography and tandem MS, and serum metabolome was then fur ther analyzed using hydrophilic interaction chromatography and tandem MS. In colostrum metabolome, 458 fea tures were identified and 328 were annotated and a trend of separation between raw and heat-treated colostrum could be observed through multivariate analysis. In serum metabolome, 3 360 features were identified and 1 439 were annotated, but no trend of separation was observed between the two groups of calves fed raw colostrum vs. heat-treated colostrum. The serum metabolome presented substantial differences comparing before (0 h) and after colostrum feeding (8 h); in particular, a tripeptide, βhomovaline-β-homoalanine-β- homoleucine, and 1-(2- acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D- glucopyranosyl)-1D-myo-inositol had higher concentrations after colostrum feeding than before, along with other metabolites that were not fully annotated. Based on a relatively small sam ple size, our findings point to the effect of heat treatment on the change of colostrum metabolome, but not on the change of serum metabolome of calves fed raw colostrum vs. heat-treated colostrum [1].

Colostrum is an important source of nutrients, immunoglobulins and biologically active compounds, such as growth factors. Good colostrum management is critical for calves' health, and colostrum is routinely heat-treated to reduce bacterial contamination [2].

However, heat treat ment might impair the function of biologically active compounds that are not heat-stable. We analyzed the metabolite profiles in colostrum and in blood serum of calves, and we found that heat treatment affected the concentration of some metabolites in the colostrum. However, feeding the heat- treated colostrum to calves, we found no evidence that this effect was carried over to the serum metabolite profiles of the calves. ll animal procedures were reviewed and approved by the Cornell University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (protocol no. 2018-0021). The study was performed between July and August 2018 on a commercial dairy farm in New York State, USA after obtaining written consent from the owner. Holstein cows were housed indoors year-round in free-stalls and moved to the calving pen following a just-in-time approach.Colostrum from all animals with at least 28 d of dry period length and that were clinically healthy immediately postpartum was eligible for enrollment, as described in Mann et al. (2020a). In brief, colostrum of individual cows was harvested into sanitized buckets and gently mixed with a whisk before taking an aliquot to test Brix% on a digital re fractometer (Palm Abbe, Misco, Cleveland, OH, USA). Colostrum ≥22% Brix and ≥8 l total.

The paper examines the curre

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2. Hawkes C, Ruel M. The links between agriculture and health:an intersectoral opportunity to improve the health and livelihoods of the poor. Bulletin of the World Health organization. 2006;84:984-90.

3. Swanepoel FJ, Stroebel A, Moyo S. The role of livestock in developing communities: Enhancing multifunctionality. University of the Free State; 2010.

4. Manlove KR, Walker JG, Craft ME, Huyvaert KP, Joseph MB, et al . “One Health” or three? Publication silos among the One Health disciplines. PLoS biology. 2016 ; 21;14:e1002448.

nt state of joint plant-animal health ser-vice delivery through plant clinics in mixed farming areas, to provide aclear understanding of farmers' needs for animal advice and the feasi-bility of integrating plant and animal health services [3]. Using data from a plant doctor survey and stakeholder consultation, the paper suggestsways to investigate how agricultural support services can be more integrated across the plant, animal, and human divides to improve thehealth and livelihoods of rural communities [4]